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J. FORAN.

APPARATUSFOR'MAKING SAND GORES.

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Patented Aug, 23, 188.7.

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v J. FORAN. APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAND OORES.

No. 368,915. Patented Aug. 28, 1887.

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APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAND GORES. No. 368,915. Patented Aug. 23 1887,

N. PETERS, Plwlo-Lllhogmpher. Washinglon, n. c.

UNITED STATES PAT NT OFFIQE.

JOHN FORAN, OF PORT CHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE ABEN no'rnBROTHERS,

OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAND CORES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 368,915, dated August23, 1887.

I Application filed January 6, 1887. Serial No. 223,543. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN FoRAN, a citizen of the United States, residingat Port Chester, in the county of Westchester and State of New York,have invented certain. new and useful Improvements in Apparatusfor-Making Sand Cores, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

This invention relates to the production of sand cores for casting ironpipes, the object being to form such cores rapidly and cheaply, and atthe same time enable the workman or operator to control and regulate theshape and dimensions of the core without difficulty.

It is well known to those skilled in this art that sand cores have beenformedfor many years by packing the moist or green sand upon thecore-arbor by hand while the latter is revolved,

or by dropping the sand through a sieve upon the core-arbor, the sievebeing held at a sufficient height above the core-arbor to cause the sandto adhere and pack with sufficient firmness to form the sand core. It isalso well known that when either of these methods was en1- ploycd acutting-knife was used to remove the surplus sand, and the diameter ofthe core was regulated by adjustment of the cutting-knife. This wasusually accomplished by unscrewing the cutting-knife from its table orsupport, ad-

justing it so that its cutting-edge was the desired distance from thecore-arbor, and then fastening the knife to its table or support. I havefound by actual practice for several years that both these methods wereobjectionable for several reasons. In packing the sand by hand it isdifficult to obtain uniform results, and, moreover, the operation isslow and expensive. In packing the sand by gravity, by causing it todrop through a sieve held or suspended above the core-arbor, goodresults cannot be obtained unless the delivery of sand through a sievecan be automatically regulated by the operator so as to increase ordiminish the quantity, as may be desired. I have also found that it isdifficult to accurately adjust the cutting-knife to the core-arbor,because of the liability of getting the knife-out of line, andthereforeioringing one portion nearer the core-arbor than the other. Iseek, therefore, by this invention to overcome these objections and toprovide means whereby the delivery of sand upon the core-arbor can beautomatically regulated by the operator, the sand delivered directlyupon the core-arbor in a finely-distributed stream, the distance betweenthe core-arbor and the cutting-knife varied with precision,and thesurplus sand removed by the cutting-knife caused to fall back into thesandpit. I also provide means for contracting or expanding the end ofthe sand-chute, so that one or two hubs may be formed, as desired.

To this end my invention consists in the details of construction andarrangement, all as hereinafter more fully explained, and pointed out inthe claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in the several figures of which like partsare designated by similar letters of reference, Figure l is a centralvertical section of the apparatus I prefer to employ in carrying out myinven tion. Fig. 2 is a section on the line a: m, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is adetail of the distributing device. Fig. 4 is a section on the line w w,Fig. 3. Fig.5 is a side view of the cutting-knife, core-arbor, andsupports. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 12 c, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is across-section of the chute. Fig. 8 is a section on the line 2 c, Fig. 7.

A A designate the frame-work of my apparatus, B the sand-receiver, and Othe chute. The receiver B is preferably composed of wood, and issupported in any suitable manner above the chute. It is provided with aseries of cross-bars, a, which serve to break the sand delivered intothe receiver and prevent itfrom caking. Between the receiver and chute adistributing device is arranged,which consists of a series of rack-bars,b, loosely supported at each end, edgewise in a horizontal plane, in abar'guide, c c, which is bolted or otherwise suitably secured totheframe-work. The upper edges of these rack-bars are corrugated,andthey are each provided with a series of teeth or lugs on one side,and when in position for use these teeth all project in one direction,so that the teeth of one bar project toward the plane face of theadjacent bar. These rack-bars are operated in what I term alternatepairs, and to accomplish this I employ What I term bar-holders, d d, to

2 stasis which the rack-bars are suitably connected in the followingway, namely: The first rackbar and every alternate rack-bar there fteris connected to bar-holder d, and the SCGOW. rack bar and everyalternate rack-bar thereafter is connected to bar-holder d. Thesebanholders are each independently connected byapair of arms, 0 e and ce, to a pair of cams, ff, fixed upon a shaft, D, to which motion istransmitted from the main shaft E in any suitable manner-for instance,as by pulleys F F and endless belt G-and when motion is imparted to theshaft D the rack-bars are given an endwise movement in alternate pairsby means of the cams and the connections just described.

' In other words, the rack-bars connected to the bar-holder (l arepushed away from the shaft D at the same time that the rack-barsconneeted to the bar-holder (Z are drawn toward the shaft, and viceversa.

I have found in practice that it is advisable to increase the spacebetween the teeth at the ends of the bars, so as toincrease the quantityof sand delivered on the ends of the core-arbor, and-thus make the corefirmer on the prints or bearings than at any other point.

The sand-chute O, which, as stated, is suitably supported in theframe-work below and in line with'the rack-bars, is preferably composedof wood with converging sides, so as to make a narrow delivery-opening,O, and at each end thereof I form adjustable slides g g, by means ofwhich the delivery-opening can be decreased or increased in width fora'distance corresponding with the length of the slides. Thus, when it isdesired to form a sand core with one hub, the slide at one end of thechute will be removed, and when desired to form two hubs both slideswill be removed.

H designates the table upon which is placed the frame Lsupporting thebearings J for the core-arbor K and the knife L and knife-rest M. Thebearings for the core-arborare adjustably secured in the frame by meansof set-screws h h, elongated slots, and set-screws o. The adjustingscrews h h extend through the flanges of the frame and bear one againsteach end of the bearings. The frame is held stationary on the table byits own weight and the weight of the core-arbor, or it may be bolted tothe table, if desired. The cutting-knife is bolted to the knife-rest,and the latter may be suitably secured to the frame supporting thebearings for the core-arbor or to the table. XVhen desired to increaseor diminish the distance between the core-arbor and the cuttingknife,the bearings are moved away from or toward the cutting-knife by means ofthe setscrews h h within the limits of the play permitted by theelongated slot, and in this way a perfect adjustment is obtained.

N designates the sand-pit,which is semicircular in shape and providedwith inclines O O, the incline 0 extending up to and under the loweredge of the kniferest and the incline 0 extending up to a door, 1?,through which the sand is introduced into the sandpit. This door isusually placed in the rear wall of the room or incldsiire in which theapparatus is set up.

Q, designates the elevator-shaft, to which motion is transmitted fromthe main shaft by any suitable means. To each end of the shaft Q apulley, R, is fixed, and these pulleys are connected by means of anendless chain or belt to pulleys S, fixed upon and free to turn with adead-shaft, T, suitably supported in the sand-pit.

U designates the elevator-buckets, which are of ordinary form and of alength equal to the distance between the chains or belts just described,but not quite so long as the sandreceiver B. These buckets are securelyfast ened to the endless chains or belts, and when the latter are inmotion the buckets are filled with sand as they pass under the pulleysS,

and the load is discharged in the receiver 13 when the buckets pass overthe pulleys R.

It will be observed that when the apparatus is in operation thesand-receiver, distributing device, chute, and the core-arbor are all inline with each other, and when the sand is deliveredinto the receiveritpasses down through the distributing device, thence through the chute,and is delivered in a fine stream and with considerable force upon thecore-arbor, which is continuously revolved until the core is formed, andas fast as the cutting-knife removes the surplus sand the latter isthrown back into the sand-pit.

It is obvious that an apparatus of this construction can easily becontrolled and regulated by the operator, and this is of great advantagein forming sand cores. It is also obvious that my invention is a greatimprovement over the older methods, hereinbefore referred to, becausethe sand is delivered and distributed automatically and with forceenough to pack and adhere to the core-arbor and in the required quantityto insure uniform results. Moreover, skilled labor is not required to dothe work, and I find in practice that the cost for labor has been verylargely reduced by the use of my apparatus as compared with any of theaforesaid other methods of forming sand cores heretofore in use. It willalso be observed that the apparatus is simple in construction, easilyoperated, and not likely to get out of order.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In an apparatus for forming sand cores, the core-arbor, supportstherefor, a knife cooperating therewith, and a knife-rest inclinedtoward the sand-pit, combined with a distributer and chute, the saidsand-pit, an elevator extending from the sand-pit upward into proximityto the distributer to discharge its load thereinto, and an inclineextending from the knife-rest to the sand-pit for returning surplus sandfrom the core-arbor to the sand-pit, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus for forming sand cores, the combination, with thereceiver and chute,

of interposed anti-caking bars a and toothed bars I), and means forimparting an endwise movement to these toothed bars, substantially asdescribed. 7

3. 'A distributing device comprising aseries of toothed rack -barsloosely supported in guides at each end, and means for imparting anendwise movement to these rack-bars in alternate pairs, substantially asdescribed.

4. A distributing device comprising a series of toothed rack barsloosely supported in guides at each end, in combination with barholdersd (1, arms 6 c, and cams f f, fixed upon a shaft, D, whereby when motionis imparted to said shaft the rack-bars are moved horizontally,substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the receiver B, rack-bars'b,and theirconnections, of the chute 0, having converging sides, substantially asdescribed.

6. The sand chute 0, having converging sides, as set forth, and providedwith adjustable slides at each end of the discharge-openiug, wherebysaid opening can be contracted or expanded,substantiall y as described,for the purpose specified.

7. The combination, with the frame I and core-arbor, of the bearings J,adj ustably secured in the-frame and adapted to be moved so as toincrease or diminish the distance between the core-arbor and thecutting-knife, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, with the frame I, corearbor K, and bearings J, ofthe set-screws h h, elongated slots and set-screws 12, whereby the 3 5core-arbor can be adjusted with relation to the cutting-knife,substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the frame I, supporting the adjustable bearingsJ for the corearbor K, of the cutting-knife L, substantially o asdescribed.

10. The combination, with the knife L and knife-rest M, of the sand-pitN, provided with the incline 0, whereby the surplus sand removed by thecutting-knife is caused to fall 5 back into the sand-pit, substantiallyas described.

11. In an apparatus for forming sand cores, the combination of thesand-pit N, having the incline O, elevator-buckets U, and hoisting 5omechanism, receiver B, distributing device, and chute G, with thecore-arbor K, knife L, and knife-rest M, constructed and operatedsubstantially as described, for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 5th day ofJanuary, A. D. 1887.

JOHN FORAN.

Witnesses:

J. W. DIEHL, FREDK. CARRAGAN.

